What did the typical British sailor in the 1700s wear? The attire of a sailor during this era was both functional and symbolic, reflecting the harsh conditions of life at sea and the maritime prowess of the British Empire. This article delves into the clothing that defined the appearance of a British sailor in the 18th century, highlighting the significance of each piece of attire and its role in the sailor’s daily life.
In the 1700s, the standard uniform for a British sailor was the “rating’s dress,” which included a variety of items designed to protect the sailor from the elements and ensure their mobility while aboard ship. The core of this uniform was the “blouse,” a close-fitting, long-sleeved shirt made of wool or linen. This garment was typically white, although it could become soiled and stained over time.
The “trowsers,” or pants, were another essential component of the sailor’s attire. Made of the same material as the blouse, these baggy, knee-length trousers were designed to allow for easy movement and to protect the sailor from chafing against the ship’s rigging. Trousers were worn with a belt, which also held the sailor’s sword, a tool used for self-defense and for cutting through ropes.
A crucial piece of clothing for the 1700s British sailor was the “jerkin,” a short, fitted jacket that was worn over the blouse and trowsers. The jerkin was made of wool and often featured a stand-up collar and a deep pocket for storing personal items. This garment provided additional warmth and protection from the cold, wet conditions of the sea.
Footwear for the 1700s sailor was minimal, consisting of a pair of boots or shoes made of leather. These boots were typically heavy and uncomfortable, designed to withstand the rough conditions of life at sea. Sailors also wore a “sailor’s hat,” a wide-brimmed, flat-topped hat made of straw or wool, which offered protection from the sun and rain.
The most iconic piece of clothing for the 1700s British sailor was the “sailor’s cap,” also known as the “forecastle cap.” This tall, conical hat was made of wool or canvas and featured a brim that could be turned up to shield the sailor’s face from the elements. The cap was adorned with a red band, symbolizing the British Royal Navy and its red ensign flag.
In addition to these standard items, sailors often carried a “sailor’s pouch,” a small leather bag used to store personal belongings such as tobacco, matches, and a knife. This pouch was attached to the sailor’s belt, ensuring that essential items were always within reach.
The attire of the 1700s British sailor was not only designed to protect the sailor from the harsh conditions of life at sea but also to instill a sense of pride and unity within the British Royal Navy. The standard uniform and its components served as a reminder of the sailor’s duty to protect the empire and its interests, both at home and abroad. In conclusion, the typical British sailor in the 1700s wore a combination of functional and symbolic clothing that not only kept him warm and dry but also symbolized his role as a member of the British Empire’s maritime forces.
