What is wrong when you have constant heartburn?
Constant heartburn can be a sign of an underlying condition that requires attention. While occasional heartburn is common and usually not a cause for concern, persistent heartburn can indicate more serious issues. In this article, we will explore the possible causes of constant heartburn and what you can do to alleviate the discomfort.
Understanding Heartburn
Heartburn, also known as acid reflux, occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest. This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that separates the esophagus from the stomach, fails to close properly. While occasional heartburn is usually not a cause for alarm, when it occurs frequently, it may point to a more serious problem.
Common Causes of Constant Heartburn
1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): This is the most common cause of chronic heartburn. GERD occurs when stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the esophagus, leading to inflammation and damage over time.
2. Hiatal Hernia: A hiatal hernia happens when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest. This can weaken the LES, causing acid reflux and heartburn.
3. Overeating: Consuming large meals or eating too quickly can lead to increased pressure on the LES, causing acid to flow back into the esophagus.
4. Obesity: Excess weight can put pressure on the stomach, leading to increased acid reflux and heartburn.
5. Smoking: Smoking weakens the LES and increases the production of stomach acid, contributing to heartburn.
6. Certain Foods and Drinks: Foods and drinks that are high in fat, spicy, or acidic can trigger heartburn in some individuals.
Symptoms and Complications
In addition to the burning sensation in the chest, constant heartburn may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as:
– Difficulty swallowing
– Sour taste in the mouth
– Chronic cough
– Hoarseness
– Chest pain
If left untreated, chronic heartburn can lead to complications, such as esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus), esophageal ulcers, strictures (narrowing of the esophagus), and even esophageal cancer.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you experience constant heartburn, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis. Your doctor may recommend the following:
– Medical history and physical examination
– Endoscopy: A procedure that allows your doctor to visualize the esophagus and stomach lining
– Esophageal manometry: A test that measures the pressure in the esophagus and the strength of the LES
Treatment options for constant heartburn may include:
– Lifestyle changes: Avoiding trigger foods, losing weight, and quitting smoking
– Medications: Antacids, H2 receptor blockers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can help reduce stomach acid production
– Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair a hiatal hernia or strengthen the LES
Conclusion
Constant heartburn is a symptom that should not be ignored. By understanding the potential causes and seeking appropriate treatment, you can alleviate the discomfort and reduce the risk of complications. If you experience frequent heartburn, consult a healthcare professional to determine the best course of action for your specific situation.
