What is CPT or OPT Work Authorization?
In the United States, the terms CPT (Curricular Practical Training) and OPT (Optional Practical Training) refer to two types of work authorization for international students. These programs allow students to gain practical experience in their field of study, which can be invaluable for their future careers. Understanding the differences between CPT and OPT is crucial for international students who wish to work in the U.S. after completing their education.
Curricular Practical Training (CPT)
CPT is designed for students who need to complete an internship or externship as part of their academic program. It is available to students in their first, second, or third year of study, depending on the field of study. To qualify for CPT, students must be in valid F-1 status and have completed a certain number of credit hours.
The primary purpose of CPT is to provide students with hands-on experience that complements their education. This experience can be paid or unpaid, and it must be directly related to the student’s major. CPT can be part-time or full-time, and it can be taken before or during the student’s academic program. However, if a student engages in full-time CPT for more than 12 months, they may lose their eligibility for OPT.
Optional Practical Training (OPT)
OPT is available to students who have completed their academic program and wish to gain practical experience in the U.S. in their field of study. It is divided into two types: pre-completion OPT and post-completion OPT.
Pre-completion OPT allows students to work part-time while they are still enrolled in school. This type of OPT is available to students who have completed at least one academic year of study in the U.S. and are in valid F-1 status.
Post-completion OPT is available to students who have completed their academic program and have a valid I-20. This type of OPT can be used for full-time or part-time employment and can last up to 12 months. In some cases, certain students may be eligible for a 24-month extension, depending on their field of study.
Eligibility and Application Process
To be eligible for CPT or OPT, students must meet specific requirements. These include maintaining valid F-1 status, having a valid I-20, and being enrolled in a school that offers CPT or OPT. The application process for both CPT and OPT involves obtaining approval from the school’s international student office and submitting the necessary forms to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
Conclusion
CPT and OPT are essential programs for international students seeking practical experience in the U.S. By understanding the differences between these two types of work authorization, students can make informed decisions about their career paths. Both CPT and OPT offer valuable opportunities for students to gain hands-on experience and enhance their resumes, making them more competitive in the job market.
