Was Washington Irving a Romantic Author?
Washington Irving, often celebrated as the “Father of American Literature,” has long been a subject of debate among scholars and readers alike. The question of whether he was a Romantic author is one that continues to spark discussions. In this article, we will explore the characteristics of Romanticism and examine how Washington Irving’s works align with this literary movement.
Romanticism, as a literary movement, emerged in the late 18th and early 19th centuries as a reaction against the Enlightenment’s emphasis on reason and logic. Romantic writers sought to explore the emotional, imaginative, and supernatural aspects of human experience. They often focused on nature, individualism, and the past, drawing inspiration from folklore, mythology, and the exotic.
Washington Irving’s writing career spanned several decades, and his works reflect the essence of Romanticism in various ways. One of his most famous works, “The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.” (1820), is a collection of short stories that showcase his Romantic inclinations. In these tales, Irving often delves into the supernatural and the mysterious, creating an atmosphere of intrigue and wonder.
Irving’s use of folklore and mythology in his writing is another testament to his Romantic tendencies. In “The Sketch Book,” he includes stories such as “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,” which draw on the traditional stories and legends of the American colonies. By doing so, he not only pays homage to the past but also imbues his narratives with a sense of the supernatural and the magical.
Furthermore, Irving’s focus on nature in his works is a hallmark of Romanticism. In “The Sketch Book,” he frequently describes the beauty and power of the natural world, emphasizing the importance of the environment in shaping human experience. This emphasis on nature is also evident in his travel writing, such as “Travels in the Hudson River Valley” (1832), where he explores the natural wonders of the region and reflects on their impact on the human spirit.
In addition to his focus on nature and the supernatural, Washington Irving’s characters often embody the Romantic ideal of individualism. His protagonists, such as Rip Van Winkle and Ichabod Crane, are complex individuals who defy societal norms and seek personal fulfillment. This emphasis on individualism is a central tenet of Romanticism, as it highlights the importance of the individual’s inner life and emotions.
In conclusion, Washington Irving can indeed be considered a Romantic author. His works, particularly “The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.,” reflect the key characteristics of Romanticism, including a focus on the supernatural, folklore, nature, and individualism. While Irving’s writing may not always align neatly with the strict definitions of Romanticism, his contributions to American literature and his exploration of the human experience continue to resonate with readers today.
