What is the procedure for a gastric emptying study?
A gastric emptying study, also known as a scintigraphy study, is a diagnostic test used to evaluate the rate at which food leaves the stomach. This procedure is commonly performed to investigate various gastrointestinal disorders, such as delayed gastric emptying, also known as gastroparesis. In this article, we will discuss the step-by-step procedure for a gastric emptying study, including the preparation, the test itself, and the post-test care.
Preparation for the Gastric Emptying Study
Before undergoing a gastric emptying study, patients are usually advised to follow certain dietary and medication guidelines. These may include:
1. Avoiding certain foods and beverages that can interfere with the test results, such as dairy products, caffeine, and alcohol.
2. Stopping certain medications that may affect the stomach’s emptying process, as advised by the healthcare provider.
3. Eating a light meal the night before the test, as a heavy meal can affect the accuracy of the results.
On the day of the test, patients should fast for at least 6 hours before the procedure. This ensures that the stomach is empty, allowing for a more accurate assessment of the emptying process.
The Gastric Emptying Study Procedure
The gastric emptying study is usually performed in a hospital or an outpatient radiology department. Here’s a step-by-step guide to the procedure:
1. Registration and Preparation: Upon arrival, patients will be registered and given a gown to wear. They will also be asked to provide a urine sample for a pregnancy test, as the radiotracer used in the study can be harmful to a developing fetus.
2. Radiotracer Administration: A radiotracer, typically technetium-99m sulfur colloid, is administered to the patient. This radioactive substance is swallowed in the form of a liquid or capsules. The tracer is absorbed by the stomach lining and emits gamma radiation that can be detected by a gamma camera.
3. Scanning: After the radiotracer is administered, the patient lies on a scanning table, and the gamma camera takes images of the stomach at regular intervals. The first set of images is usually taken immediately after the tracer is swallowed, and subsequent images are taken at 30-minute intervals for several hours.
4. Data Analysis: The images are then analyzed to determine the rate at which the stomach empties. The percentage of the radiotracer that has left the stomach can be calculated, and this information is used to diagnose and monitor conditions such as gastroparesis.
Post-Test Care
After the gastric emptying study, patients are usually allowed to resume their normal activities and diet. However, they should avoid strenuous exercise or heavy lifting for the rest of the day, as this can affect the accuracy of the results.
It’s important to note that while the radiotracer used in the gastric emptying study is radioactive, the amount used is very small and the radiation exposure is considered safe. The benefits of the test typically outweigh the risks, especially for patients with suspected gastrointestinal disorders.
In conclusion, a gastric emptying study is a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating the stomach’s emptying process. By following the proper procedure and post-test care, patients can ensure accurate results and a smooth experience during the test.
