Why Were They Called the Five Civilized Tribes?
The term “Five Civilized Tribes” refers to a group of Native American tribes that were recognized by the United States government during the 19th century. These tribes were the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole. The question of why they were called the Five Civilized Tribes is a topic of much historical interest and debate.
The term “civilized” was used by European Americans to describe Native American tribes that had adopted certain aspects of European culture, such as farming, education, and Christianity. The justification for this label was that these tribes were seen as more “advanced” and “civilized” than those who had not adopted these practices. The origins of this classification can be traced back to the early 19th century, when the U.S. government sought to establish a policy of assimilation for Native Americans.
One of the primary reasons why the Five Civilized Tribes were called so was their adoption of farming. Unlike many other Native American tribes, the Five Civilized Tribes had developed sophisticated agricultural practices, which allowed them to sustain larger populations and build more permanent settlements. This shift from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled one was seen as a sign of progress and civilization.
Another factor that contributed to the classification of the Five Civilized Tribes was their acceptance of Christianity. Many of the tribes converted to Christianity, either through missionary efforts or by choice, which was seen as a sign of their willingness to adopt European values and customs.
Education was also a key factor in the Five Civilized Tribes’ classification. These tribes established schools and universities, such as the Cherokee Nation’s Sequoyah Academy and the Choctaw Academy, which were designed to teach both Native American and European knowledge. The establishment of these educational institutions was seen as a sign of their commitment to progress and civilization.
However, it is important to note that the term “Five Civilized Tribes” is a loaded one. It reflects a Eurocentric perspective that often overlooked the complex and diverse cultures of Native American tribes. Moreover, the classification was used to justify the forced removal of many tribes from their ancestral lands, a policy known as the Indian Removal Act of 1830. This act resulted in the tragic Trail of Tears, during which thousands of Native Americans died while being forcibly relocated to lands west of the Mississippi River.
In conclusion, the Five Civilized Tribes were called so because they had adopted certain aspects of European culture, such as farming, education, and Christianity. However, this classification is a complex and controversial topic, as it reflects a Eurocentric perspective that often overshadowed the rich and diverse cultures of Native American tribes.
